Is Something Eating Your Dahlias? Let's figure out what it is!
It’s that time of year. You’ve been watching with great anticipation as your dahlia bud begins to show color. It opens so slowly— or so it feels because it’s the first one and you’ve been waiting months to see a dahlia again (or maybe for the first time! Eeek!!) Then one morning you walk out and you see a hole in your leaf or the corner has been chewed!
How Dare They?? How dare some little creature enjoy breakfast from your dahlia petal!
Image by Valerie Miros- Grasshopper Damage
Don’t worry— there’s hope! The bugs are not going to decimate your entire garden (despite how it may feel!).
So what do we do? First, don’t panic! Seriously, in the grand scheme of things, a nibbled petal is not really a big deal. You may roll your eyes and say I know— But you wouldn’t believe how upset I see some people get over a chewed petal.
Second, you gotta’ figure out what’s eating it? Inspect your plant, turn over the leaves, look carefully between all the layers and see if you can find the culprit. Also notice what might be flying around the plant . Often times, the culprits will fly up when you ruffle the leaves.
Take pictures of the damage. I find that if I need to Google to figure out the culprit that a picture is better than my memory.
No sign of anything? Then there are a few culprits who you don’t see but they love a tasty petal or leaf. Slugs are a big one, especially on new growth or the sprouts just as the dahlias are peaking out of the ground.
Grasshoppers— if you see petal damage where it looks like something just took a dull knife to several petals at once and chopped them off- probably grasshoppers.
Are your dahlias turning brown especially where the petals meet the center? Most likely thrips. Thrips are very small brown bugs which are hard to see but cause loads of damage- they really like white/pastel colored dahlias. If you think you might have thrips, but aren’t sure- shake your flower over a white piece of paper. The thrips will fall out and be brown specks.
Cucumber beetles are another common pest. A lot of people grow vegetable gardens near their dahlias. Cucumber beetles love dahlias and anything in the squash family. The squash family (cucurbits) attract the beetle and then it finds its way over to your dahlias and has dessert from your pretty cafe au lait petals! Cucumber beetles can be very devasting to a dahlia field. So much so that I’ve stopped growing anything in the cucurbit family within 100 yds of my dahlia field. This practice has significantly reduced the number of cucumber beetles that I see each year.
These are a lot of the common pests that do visible damage to dahlias. However there are some that don’t appear to be hurting anything because they don’t chew but can be very detrimental to your plants.
Leafhoppers are one. They are small green bugs that hop from plant to plant. They do suck sap out of your plant. Leaf hoppers are a vector insect- which means that if a dahlia has a disease/virus etc. they can carry it to another plant. So while you may not see much visible damage from leafhoppers, they can be very detrimental, especially if you are growing a high number of plants.
We’ve identified a lot of the common pests that plague our dahlias- so what do we do about them?
The answer to that is coming up in our next article because this is too much for one post!
If you are having issues with a pest that we didn’t name here, see if you can get a picture of the pest or the damage and send it our way! You can submit it here.
Designing a Garden to Benefit Your Mental Health- Part 4: Celebration
Nature is an excellent place to celebrate. What? You ask? Well anything! Big, small, momentous or just the first bee of spring!
Celebrating in nature is one of the easiest ways to gain a spirit of gratitude in our lives.
Gratitude is an aspect of mental health that I used to overlook. But practicing being thankful and grateful for what we have or the people in our lives is one of the better ways to pull ourselves out of the depths.
Gratitude can be hard because it can feel like you have to be eternally positive but I think that even just being thankful for another breath, your warm coffee in the morning- any small thing. Practicing an appreciation for what we have leads to a realization that the bad things will be okay in time. They don’t have to take over our lives and when we feel everything is wrong- having a practice of gratitude helps to change that mindset.
It’s so easy to get bogged down and overwhelmed when things don’t go as we think they should. But I’ve found that if I stop, breathe, and think- I can usually find one small thing that is okay.
This begins the climb back to a mindset that is clearer and therefore you can begin to process the problem at hand.
My garden is often where I go when I get to that overwhelmed state. It’s hard to go into nature and not find something to be grateful for- a new bud, dew on a leaf. There is so much beauty all around me that it’s so much easier to process the issues in my life when I’m outside.
I hope you’ll take some time soon to go out and celebrate in your garden- walk around and give thanks for all the beauty you are surrounded by. And if you feel so inclined, share your garden with others!
I think it’s important for our gardens to be spaces to aid our own mental health but equally important to share them with others. To let them in on the gardeners secret— there’s a reason gardeners are happy people!
Designing a Garden to Benefit Your Mental Health- Part 3- Renewal
“Gardening is about setting life in motion, and seeds, like dead fragments, help us recreate the world anew.”
- Sue Stuart-Smith, The Well Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature
What is it about that tiny little envelope with little black specs in it? Seeds! The hope and joy of new life. Dreams of beauty to come. We’ve all been lured in by a beautiful seed packet or maybe a few packets. Planning my garden each year is one of my favorite parts. So much possibility, nothing has gone wrong yet.
We start the seed, nestling it into the dirt inside a little pot, water it, give it a bit of heat and light. Off it goes! With the right conditions, it springs up within a few days and the dream has begun to be reality.
So many things in life begin this way- we plan, we research. We begin to execute and it’s all going swimmingly until it doesn’t. Until something throws a wrench in the works.
The root hits a rock. We forget to water. The plant gets scorched. We begin to struggle, we feel drained- like a thirsty seedling.
We may or may not make it through to accomplish our goal. The little seedling may get what it needs or it may whither and die. But then one day, we come across the packet of seeds and decide to give them one more chance.
It always comes full circle. Our lives like nature constantly renew themselves. When one plant ventures into the compost pile, it breaks down into life giving substances that feed the flower that springs from it.
Gardens are a constant example of renewal. Renewal is an important principle to be mindful of in our lives. We have a tendency to think life is one continuous improvement when there is a seasonal nature to our lives just like the natural world.
A lot of this disconnect comes from forgetting that we are part of the natural world. We exist in a system that is taking what’s served it’s purpose, breaking it down and producing new resources. We forget about the seasonal nature of our world.
Just as our gardens go through winter, so do our lives. We all know this but we so often get bogged down in the “winter” and forget that spring always comes. Things never stay the same. I’ve resolved to look at the winters of my life as times of deep discovery and learning.
Is it always enjoyable? Gosh, NO!
But in these winters, I’m discovering my deep roots. Those roots produce lush strong summer growth and beauty.
This week, it’s not about adding certain plants to your garden or creating a space. It’s about noticing what’s around you. Creating the awareness of how the world around itself is constantly renewing.
About noticing our lives do the same. We go through winter because spring brings beauty we couldn’t dream of without the deep roots that winter creates.
Did you miss part 2? Find it here
Designing a Garden to Benefit your Mental Health- Part 2- Stress Release
“A garden gives you a protected physical space, which helps increase your sense of mental space, and it gives you quiet, so you can hear your own thoughts. The more you immerse yourself in working with your hands, the more free you are internally to sort things out and work them through.”
—Sue Stuart-Smith, The Well Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature
The quote above is from one of my favorite books. If you really want to delve into the garden benefits to your mental health, I highly recommend it. This book gave evidence in tangible form to all the things I’ve thought and felt while gardening and it’s effects on my mental health.
When it comes to gardens and stress release, I see the garden as playing 2 roles: distraction and/or a judgement free zone.
Sometimes our brains need distraction. We’ve all had that moment of “eureka” when the answer to a problem comes out of the blue. This is the role of distraction— our brains still work “in the background” but often we have to stop grinding on an issue to allow the answer to come naturally. I used to think that distraction was ignoring a problem or procrastinating about it, but I’ve realized that a moderate amount of distraction can be very helpful.
Our gardens can provide distraction in many ways. Wildlife is a big one— attracting many forms of wildlife- big and small provide hours of entertainment. (And often many lessons to learn from observing the actions of a tiny ant, bird, caterpillar, etc). When we first began raising chickens years ago, we used to sit and watch them for long periods of time— we called it “Chicken TV”. It was fascinating!
Adding pollinator attracting plants to your garden is the perfect way to ensure you always have a constant supply. The herbs you plant for their scent and textures to relax you can also attract loads of pollinators- thus doing double duty.
For several years, I’ve been working on planting our landscape with early blooming flowers. I’ve learned that a vital part of organic pest control is to attract the helpful bugs in early enough to control the not so helpful bugs. Early blooming plants such as alyssum, early daffodils, crocus, winter honeysuckle, and yes— even dandelions! Don’t mow those down!
It’s easy to have loads blooming from May through October but in a warm climate like my zone 7b, I see bees out early and also lots of aphids. So I’ve been amping up those early blooms. This ensures a constant supply of wildlife.
A resting place in your garden from which to observe them is important too- We talked about this in part 1.
Adding water to your garden can bring in lots of entertainment. Ponds are great attractors to wildlife. We have a frog pond. It was dug to be a water catchment but the bullfrogs love it and every time I hear them croak and scuttle into the water as I walk by- well it just makes me laugh!
But sometimes, you need to participate in the garden in a more active role. This is where the garden becomes a judgement free zone. Plants don’t talk back but they will definitely appreciate you releasing your stress with a bit of digging around in the dirt.
I’ve often turned to a project in my field or garden when I needed to work off a bit of frustrating energy. I can look at certain areas and remember what was going on in my life at the time. I also see how those plants survived and so did I. Not only does the present day work release physical stress but there is a lesson to be learned in the future here too!
The simple act of putting a garden space back into order when the rest of life is chaos can be calming to our brain- makes us feel like we have some amount of control.
The Pros and Cons of Early Dahlias
Last week I was sitting around with some farmer friends and we started talking about dahlias— cause it’s almost that time ya know? A few growers mentioned how they had left their tubers in the ground to overwinter and thus began a discussion on the pros and cons of early dahlia blooms. It was some good stuff so I thought I’d share what we talked about!
First off— who doesn’t want to see their dahlias earlier rather than later? So point #1 in the pro category. In order to get earlier blooming dahlias, you need to either overwinter (if that works for your zone), plant very early, or pre-sprout and pot up indoors. Any of these methods would bring dahlias on early. In my zone 7b climate, early dahlias are usually blooming mid- June. If you plant after our last frost date, then usually mid July for first bloom. If you are warmer or colder, adjust accordingly. A lot of this info is a bit more specific to warm hot climates but from what I know- if you are colder, then early blooms wouldn’t be much of a thing without a temp controlled greenhouse.
I really think it’s a matter of expectations if you are going for early blooms. I know some people do it intentionally but I suspect most folks just don’t want to have to dig them up in the fall (and I don’t blame you!).
So in the con category- early blooms are way more susceptible to pest problems. June brings thrips and Japanese beetles in my area. Might as well go ahead and add in the grasshoppers that will be in by late June and well you can forget about getting a perfect bloom without an organza bag!
Also in the con category- vase life! Dahlias that bloom in hot weather have an average vase life of 3-5 days and big dinnerplate types- You might as well enjoy them on the plant. Years ago I had a beautiful flush of cafes in mid- July. I thought it was going to be awesome until I started testing vase life and I was getting 3 days! That’s really not even usable for an event. So now I program my cafes to come on much later when the weather is cooler.
So where does that put us if you left your tubers in the ground overwinter? You have a few options.
1. You can accept the pest pressure and realize the first blooms are not going to be perfect unless you bag them or spray them but honestly a lot of sprays won’t get the thrips.
2. If you sell your blooms, advise your customers of the shortened vase life. I think this is pretty important because you don’t want to turn people off of using dahlias in arrangements. I make sure to let my customers know the vase life gets better in the fall and that summer dahlias should be used for events only!
3. You can cut your plants back. This is a good option if you want to minimize the work of dahlias and overwinter them. In mid june or when you start seeing buds, cut the plants back by half. You can also use this technique to time out blooms too. On average it will take the plants 6-8 weeks to rebloom if you cut back hard. The exact time depends on the variety.
All in all I don’t think having early blooms is a bad thing but I think it’s worth having the knowledge and correct expectations of how dahlias perform differently in hot weather.
So are you ready for Dahlia Season? If you need a bit of help getting started, join us for our On Farm Workshop- Dahlia Dividing and Planting- April 23. All the info here!
Not local? Check out our virtual Workshop: Dahlia Growing in the South